What is a Magistrates' Court?
The Magistrates' Court handles the majority of criminal cases in England and Wales. It deals with less serious offences, from traffic violations and minor theft to some assault charges. A significant proportion of criminal cases are resolved here rather than in the Crown Court, though serious offences such as murder or rape will only pass through briefly before being sent to a higher court.
These courts also handle certain civil matters, including council tax arrears and some licensing applications. Family proceedings were historically heard in Magistrates' Courts, but most family matters are now dealt with in the Family Court, which operates as a separate division of the court system.
If you need to find your local Magistrates' Court, you can search on GOV.UK using the court and tribunal finder service. This will give you the address, contact details and information about access and facilities.

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Cases are usually heard by a panel of three magistrates, sometimes called Justices of the Peace. Together, they form what is known as the Bench. These magistrates are volunteers drawn from the local community. They do not need formal legal qualifications, though they receive training and are supported by a legal adviser who helps them with points of law and procedure.
Magistrates are not paid a salary for their work. They can claim expenses and compensation for loss of earnings when they sit, but the role is unpaid and voluntary. There are around 12,000 magistrates currently serving in England and Wales, though this number has decreased in recent years.
In some cases, you may find a District Judge hearing your case instead of a magistrate panel. District Judges are legally qualified professionals who are paid for their work. They typically sit alone rather than in a group of three. You are more likely to appear before a District Judge if your case involves complex legal issues, lengthy evidence, or particular sensitivity.
Whether your case is heard by magistrates or a District Judge, the standard of justice is the same. Both have the authority to make decisions about guilt, innocence and sentencing within the limits set for the Magistrates' Court.
Your situation may be slightly different. ask a question below ↓ and our editorial team will reply with our advice.
What happens at a Magistrates' Court hearing?
The procedure in a Magistrates' Court is less formal than in a Crown Court, but it still follows a set structure. You will usually be asked to confirm your name and address before the charge is read out. You will then be asked whether you plead guilty or not guilty.
If you plead guilty, the court will move straight to sentencing. The prosecution will outline the facts of the case, and you or your solicitor will have the chance to explain any circumstances that might reduce your sentence. This is called mitigation.
If you plead not guilty, a trial date will be set. At the trial, the prosecution presents its evidence first, and you have the opportunity to challenge that evidence and put forward your own defence. The magistrates or District Judge will then decide whether you are guilty or not guilty based on what they have heard.
Many Magistrates' Court hearings last under an hour, particularly first appearances and guilty pleas. Trials and contested matters take longer and may require more than one court session.
Some hearings now take place remotely by video link. This became more common during the pandemic and has continued for certain types of hearing. You will be told in advance if your hearing will be conducted remotely and given instructions on how to join.
If you are attending court in person, arrive early and dress appropriately. You should stand when the magistrates enter and leave, address them as "Sir" or "Madam," and wait to be invited before speaking.
Sentencing limits and referral to Crown Court
Magistrates' Courts have limits on the sentences they can impose. For a single offence, the maximum prison sentence is generally six months. If someone is convicted of two or more offences that could each carry a prison term, the maximum rises to twelve months in total.
There are also limits on fines, though these vary depending on the offence. For the most current figures on maximum fines, check the sentencing guidelines available on the Sentencing Council website.
Some offences are too serious for the Magistrates' Court to deal with. These are called indictable only offences and include crimes such as murder, rape and robbery. Such cases are sent to the Crown Court after a brief preliminary hearing before magistrates, which covers administrative matters rather than the substance of the case.
There is also a middle category known as either way offences. These can be heard in either the Magistrates' Court or the Crown Court, depending on the seriousness of the particular circumstances. For either way offences, the magistrates will decide whether they have sufficient sentencing powers to deal with the case. If they feel a longer sentence might be appropriate, they can send it to the Crown Court. You may also have the right to elect for a Crown Court trial with a jury, depending on the nature of the charge.
If you disagree with a Magistrates' Court decision, you may be able to appeal to the Crown Court. Appeals against conviction or sentence must usually be made within 21 days. A solicitor can advise you on whether you have grounds for appeal.
Many people are entitled to legal aid for criminal matters. Eligibility depends on a means test, which looks at your income and assets, and an interests of justice test. You can check your eligibility on GOV.UK or speak to a legal aid solicitor in your area.
Also will this be reported to the newspapers and media?
I would like to plea not guilty as my daughters attendance to school is regular, the FPN issued by NCC looks at a 12 week period and not her attendance over the whole academic year, which was 90%.
I've sent my evidence to the council, along with appeal letter and will take my evidence and appeal with me to court - will a duty solicitor be able to represent me? and will this go to trial?
I have not been involved since as he had admitted to it and it was the police who charged him.
I would like to find out what he was sentenced, is their anyway to find this out without knowing his name or the investigating officers ID number?
Other than this going back a while ago me and my husband was having an argument in which he grabbed my top where my eldest son started hitting my husband and my husband grabbed him by the throat and caused him pain in which he was deeply sorry for as it was an accident and we did resolve it. But my son has gone and told police about what happened to him and has made a statement and signed it.
Basically my husband is currently on bail for three weeks and I was told by the police that he isn't allowed to contact me or my eldest son but can see his other two children, however social services who are now involved and talking about putting my children on the child protection list and have stated he can't see any of his children at all which has caused me confusion.
Due to my severe pain attacks I have got a letter from my doctor asking for my medical issue to be considered in releasing my husband off bail in which the Detective Constable in charge of the case doesn't believe what I say and thinks I am lying and I reckons I have lied to the police, of which is not the case as I would never accuse anyone of doing anything they haven't done, I truly believed at the time of my panic attacks that my husband had did this to me but he never. I am seeking help for my depression etc.
Me and my eldest son wanted to drop the charges by retracting our statements but was told that the CPS won't allow us too.
I basically would like some advice on how I can go about helping my husband in this situation as he hasn't done anything wrong and if my doctors letter would be of any help for the situation he is in.
Also I would like to know that if for example he was charged what would he be looking at in terms of punishment, would it be prison, fine and so forth etc.
I really need some advice on what to do as I don't want my husband been punished for something he hasn't done.
What does this mean? And what will happen when he turns himself in. What is the charge for not attending magistrates court?
Pleaded not guilty. was bailed ..I answered bail on 5th jan 2016 ...To be adjorned again ' which my solicitor thought was ok because the witness who had taken me to court had a pre booked holiday and would not be back until the 25th March 2016..
I did agree as I thought this is the way things were...Just wondering if a complaint could have been made about a witness who feels a holiday is more important than attending a court appearance that they had demanded...
Is this correct or acceptable as I have now been on bail for 6 months ' just over , I am due to answer bail again on the 1st April 2016
Alleged offences are sec 39 assault level 2 and alleged intended criminal damage of a window ..THANKS
What is the criteria for procedures taking place in a Magistrates Court rather than a Youth Court when the defendant was 17 at the time of the offence? Could a hearing's decision be challenged?
In our circumstances due to the great difference in court charges we'd prefer a Youth court just in case. The preliminary hearing and decision to have our son tried in a Magistrates Court coincided with his 18th birthday though he actually was born just before midnight so technically was 17 at the time of the time of the hearing.
Many thanks.
Also if it's a first offence, what would the sentence possibly be? I'm worried that I will go to court and the duty solicitor will tell me to plead guilty for a lesser sentence. This seems wrong to me but I don't want to fall foul of "the system"
Am I looking at a prison sentence or can I plead my case for a reduced sentence
This would be the first time I've been caught doing something like this ?
Thanks
thanks
Dangerous driving
Driving without due care and attention
These are the proposed convictions
What happens now ?
Thanks
This was granted. It would appear that the original hearing went ahead in my absence and I've been sent a DATE for a disqualification hearing. The court is in such chaos that it would appear that the person who granted the injunction failed to put it in the case file. Where do I stand? Can heIask for the case to be dismissed because it has prejudiced my chance of a fair trial?
I need to speak to a person prerbaly a human not an automated service regarding a fine i need to pay?
I have resident in England. Thank you.
I believe it is a pre committal hearing
We are now in a position to pay but council refuse to stop court action. Can i pay in court ?
Total arrears £4,500
months ago and I was that busy that I forgot could I get arrested I dot have a number
for the court in greenock - Scotland and don't know what to do.
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